Título / Title

IDIOPATHIC FOVEA PLANA IN A 25-YEAR-OLD MALE PATIENT, TREATED AS AMBLYOPIA

Introdução / Purpose

To report a case of a 25-year-old male patient, no relevant records, complains of having a discrete blurred vision in the right eye. His best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Anterior segment examination was unremarkable. During the fundoscopy was observed an absence of macular reflection and no foveal pit was seen on the OCT in both eyes. OCTA demonstrated the absence of a foveal avascular zone(FAZ), with persistence of the superficial and deep capillary plexus foveal vascularization.

Material e Método / Methods

The information were obtained in a routine examination, using OCT and OCT angiography

Resultados / Results

To report a case of a idiopathic fovea plana in a 25-year-old male patient.

Discussão e Conclusões / Conclusion

The absence of foveal pit is a very rare finding in practice that is usually related to other diseases such as ocular albinism, achromatopsia, among others. Fovea plana and foveal hypoplasia definitions have generated debates among specialists. They are defined as the persistence of the inner nuclear layers in the foveolar area and an absence of foveal pits. Studies suggest that foveal pit formation is a consequence of the absence of FAZ, and when vascularization persists, the fovea remains flat. Foveal pit it might not be required for foveal cone specialization. This helps to explain the potential for good acuity and raises questions about the visual role of the foveal pit.
The diagnosis of fovea plana can be considered for patients who maintain good visual acuity and hypoplasia foveal for patients with low visual acuity. The use of OCT and OCTA have good diagnostic efficacy. It is likely that the low visual acuity in patients is due to associated diseases and not to lack of the foveal pit. Further studies are needed to compare patients with absence of foveal pit with and without disease associated to determine the actual consequence of the flat fovea.

Palavras Chave

hypoplasia foveal, fovea plana

Area

CLINICAL RETINA