Título / Title

RETINAL CHANGES IN CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME: 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

Introdução / Purpose

To evaluate the progression of retinal changes related to Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) one year after initial detection.

Material e Método / Methods

Single-center and retrospective study conducted at the Altino Ventura Foundation (FAV), Recife, Brazil, with children born with a confirmed or presumed diagnosis of CZS. The subjects underwent retinal imaging using a wide-angle digital fundus camera with a 130° lens (RetCam Shuttle V6.2.32.0; Clarity Medical Systems) for documentation of the fundus of the eye at diagnosis and one year later. The chorioretinal atrophy area was in both moments measured using ImageJ® image analysis software (http://imagej.nih. gov/ij/). All measures were performed by the same retina specialist. The pigmentation of the lesions was analyzed according to a comparison board created by the authors and the data was reviewed by a retinal specialist to evaluate reactivation or progression of ophthalmologic alterations. The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the FAV and Unifesp (Process number: 4.507.542).

Resultados / Results

Thirty-five eyes of 23 infants [14 (60.9%) female subjects] were analyzed. The mean chorioretinal atrophy area was 8.64 ± 7.80 mm2 at initial assessment and 9.57 ± 8.20 mm2 at one-year (p = 0.001). Eleven eyes (31.4%) presented progression of the lesion pigmentation and 23 eyes (65.7%) presented an enlargement of the chorioretinal atrophy. The chorioretinal atrophy growth rate was 0.15mm/year.

Discussão e Conclusões / Conclusion

There is no published data about the progression of chorioretinal atrophy in CZS. Our hypothesis is that the lesion increase would be related to ocular growth as well as to the choroidal thinning present in these eyes. In conclusion, chorioretinal atrophy lesions changed one year after initial diagnosis, both in size and appearance of the lesion. Further studies are needed to confirm these initial findings.

Palavras Chave

Zika virus; Microcephaly; Congenital anomalies; Ocular manifestations; Ocular abnormalities.

Area

CLINICAL RETINA