Título / Title

ACUTE ZONAL OCCULT OUTER RETINOPATHY: CASE REPORT

Introdução / Purpose

Report a possible case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR)

Material e Método / Methods

The informations were obtained through a review of the medical records, interview with the patient and literature review

Resultados / Results

A 62-year-old man had sudden visual acuity loss and photopsia in the rigth eye five years ago. This year, he visited our department, where visual acuity (VA) revealed counts fingers at 1 meter (OD) and 20/20 (OS). No cells were noted at the anterior chamber (AC) or vitreous. His fundus, under dilated fundoscopy, showed important macular pigmentary alteration in the right eye. Visual field (VF) examinations demonstrated onset of absolut scotoma in OD and no alterations in OE. Fluorescein angiography (FA) showed presence of perifoveal and peripheral macular hyperfluorescence without evident leakage in both side and arteriolar thinning in OD. ERG revealed significant decrease in the total field response in the right eye and subnormal responses in the left eye. According to his symptoms and examinations, AZOOR was suspected. We gave systemic corticosteroid (prednisone 40 mg/day).

Discussão e Conclusões / Conclusion

Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is a presumed inflammatory disorder with outer retinal dysfunction. Typically, the onset is acute and it is unilateral, with symptoms of photopsias and nasal field loss. The etiology is controversial. In reviews of retinal disorders evoked by autoantibodies established a clinical term of autoimmune retinopathy (AIR) that could be a secondary complicationof AZOOR, implying that an autoimmune reaction mediated by humoral immunity plays an important role in the disease process of AZOOR. AIR is a rare immunologic disease characterized by the presence of circulating antiretinal antibodies along. Based on this, AZOOR could be an autoimmune disease with antiretinal antibody leakage from the disc margin and spread under the retina. Studies have showed effectiveness of systemic steroid with acuite visual improved.

Palavras Chave

AZOOR, autoimmune retinopathy, retinal dysfunction